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History and Background of October 22 Coalition to Stop Police Brutality, Repression, and the Criminalization of a Generation
  • History and Background of October 22 Coalition
  • What is the significance of the date, October 22?
  • Original Mission Statement of the National Day of Protest to Stop Police Brutality, Repression, and the Criminalization of a Generation
  • Reports/coverage of past National Days of Protest

  • History and Background of October 22 Coalition

    The October 22 Coalition to Stop Police Brutality, Repression and the Criminalization of a Generation (NDP) came out of conversations among Pam Africa (International Concerned Family and Friends of Mumia Abu Jamal and MOVE), Akil Al-Jundi (Community Self Defense Program), Angel Cervantes (Four Winds Student Movement), Omowale Clay (December 12th Movement, Carl Dix (Revolutionary Communist Party) and Keith McHenry (Food Not Bombs). These conversations centered on the need to meet the intensifying nationwide epidemic of police brutality with resistance on the national level. These activists and the organizations they represented became the National Coordinating Committee (NCC) of NDP and issued a draft call for a National Day of Protest in May at Resist '96. Refuse & Resist (R&R) and the National Lawyers Guild (NLG) signed onto the call, and Robert Rockwell and Jim Lafferty joined the NCC representing those two organizations.

    Conferences were held in Los Angeles and New York City in June of 1996 to begin the organizing effort for NDP 1996. Akil, Carl and CVG Sheba (Black Panther Collective for Social Progress) drew up the Mission Statement for NDP. A National Office (NO) was formed to coordinate the nationwide effort in Sept. The Stolen Lives Project (SLP) was originated. Gator Bradley was added to the NCC. Out of this beginning, the first NDP was marked by demonstrations, cultural events and other forms of protest in more than 40 cities. Public Service Announcements (PSAs) for NDP featuring parents of victims of police murder and celebrities were aired on MTV. The actions on October 22, 1996 brought together people from different backgrounds and different races and nationalities. Also, the National Day of Protest provided a powerful platform for families who had been victimized by police brutality and murder.

    After the first NDP, the NCC decided to make NDP an ongoing effort. Regional meetings were held in the winter and spring of 1997 to begin the organizing effort for the second NDP. PSAs were aired on MTV beginning in the spring. The call for the second NDP was issued August 1st, and a meeting of the NCC plus other key activists was held in Chicago to plan for the second NDP. At this meeting Iris Baez joined the NCC. Akil Al Jundi, an originator of NDP, passed away in August. An official NDP website was designated in September. The first edition of the Stolen Lives Project (SLP) book documenting 500 cases of people killed by law enforcement was released on October 12th. Abner Louima sent a statement of support that was read at the NY demo. The second annual NDP was marked in more than 50 cities across the country and represented a clear advance over the previous year.

    A national meeting was held in NY in December to sum up and plan for the future. At this meeting, the October 22nd Student/Youth Network was formed and held its first meeting. Andre and Quetzal were added to the NDP NCC as representatives of this network.

    The call for the third annual NDP was issued in the spring of 1998, and a national meeting was held in NY in July to map out the plan for NDP. An updated SLP list, documenting 1000 cases, was released on October 13, 1998. NDP was again marked in over 50 cities. The third NDP marked a significant increase in the overall number of participants as well as in the major impact it had throughout society.


    See also the 2019 article "From the Masses, To the Masses: A Summation of the October 22 Coalition’s Resistance to Police Brutality in the Late 1990s"


    What is the significance of the date, October 22?

    October 22nd was the negotiated date for NDP (National Day of Protest) in 1996, the year that it started. The groups involved wanted to have it in October, because students would be back in school, and before the elections, so that people could have a way to express themselves in the streets. It did not have a significance in its own right. The first year was so successful that people said, "let's do it again!" October 22nd then became significant as the date on which people nationally protest police brutality in the United States.


    Original Mission Statement of the National Day of Protest to Stop Police Brutality, Repression, and the Criminalization of a Generation
    June 14, 1996, October 22 National Office
    (See current mission statement)

    The National Day of Protest was initiated by a diverse coalition of organizations and individuals. We came together out of our concern that the peoples’ resistance to Police Brutality needed to be taken to a higher level nationwide.

    The National Day of Protest aims to bring forward a powerful, visible, national protest against police brutality and the criminalization of a generation. It aims to expose the state's repressive program. It aims to bring forward those most directly under the gun of Police Brutality AND to also reach into all parts of the society--bringing forward others to stand in the fight against this official brutality. And the National Day of Protest aims to strengthen the peoples' organized capacity for resistance in a variety of ways.

    National Coordinating Committee (NCC)
    The core of the NCC is the six representatives of groups who participated in the finalizing of the date, call and slogan. These are Pam Africa (International Concerned Family and Friends of Mumia Abu-Jamal), Akil Al-Jundi (Community Self-Defense Program), Angel Cervantes (Four Winds Student Movement), Omowale Clay (December 12th Movement), Carl Dix (Revolutionary Communist Party) and Keith McHenry (Food not Bombs).

    Organizations and individuals may be added to the NCC if they are either:
    1. A national or regional organization that endorses the call, supports its basic thrust--as laid out in the Mission Statement--and commits forces to the work of building the day. (It will be especially important for such organizations to, where possible, commit to help staffing the National Office)
    2. Nominated by one of the local organizing committees to represent their locality on the NCC or
    3. An individual or representative of an organization who the NCC decides would enhance the work of building for the National Day of Protest.

    In all cases the NCC should decide by a majority vote whether the organization or individual in question fulfills the criteria for participation on the NCC.


    Local Coordinating Committees should be constituted by the local committees. They should be made up of:
    1. Representatives of organizations who endorsed the call and support its basic thrust (as laid out above) and commit forces to doing the work of building for the day in the local area.
    2. Individuals who endorse the call and have made a serious commitment to build for the day and whose participation would enhance the ability of the coordination committee to do the work of building for the National day of Protest. Local coordinating committees should also add new members by majority vote of the Local Coordinating Committee.

    Where questions exist about whether an organization or individual adequately fulfills the criteria for participation at the coordinating committee at that level, these should be decided by the Coordinating Committee at that level.

    Coordinating Committee meetings should be open to all those who support the effort to come and voice their opinions. Only coordinating committee members have the right and responsibility to vote on matters at these meetings.


    To participate in organizing for the National Day of Protest, an organization or individual must endorse the call and make a specific commitment to do work to build the effort. Endorsements should be secured in writing because we plan to publish the call with its list of endorsers, and publications have been known to question whether people have really endorsed.

    By: Akil Al-Jundi, Carl Dix, Sheba Haven. June 1996


    Working Archive of Reports of Past National Days of Protest

    NDP-25 (2020)
    NDP-16 (2011)
    NDP-15 (2010)
    NDP-13 (2008)
    NDP-11 (2006)
    NDP-10 (2005)
    NDP-7 (2002)

    Contact October 22 Coalition-National at oct22national@gmail.com

    Page updated 10 August 2023
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